Thin layer chromatography is a planar chromatographic technique which is used to separate and analyse the non-volatile compounds. It is simple and moderately sensitive. It is performed on a glass plate or thin foil made up of aluminium or plastic on which desired adsorbent is finely layered. Adsorbents like silica, aluminium oxide, or cellulose are commonly used in TLC.
TLC can also be modified for separation of desired components. The modification includes applying the principle of partition chromatography, Ion-exchange chromatography and Gel filtration (Size-exclusion) chromatography[1][2][3].
Types: Ascending and Descending Thin Layer Chromatography.
Stationary Phase: Silica, Alumina, Keiselguhr, Magnesium silicate etc.
Mobile phase: Polar solvents (Water, Methanol, Ethanol) and Non-Polar solvents (Hexane, Trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride).
Rf is also called as Retention factor or Retardation factor. It is the ratio of distance travelled by the sample to the distance travelled by the solvent.
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